Oilseed crops, including rapeseed, play a comprehensive role in the circular economy and are sources of healthy edible oil for humans and rich sources of protein for livestock feed. Therefore, the quantitative and qualitative development of the production of this product in Iran and the world has attracted the attention of practitioners. One of the solutions to increase the quantitative and qualitative production of this product has been the release of improved cultivars during the last decade. Despite the release of improved cultivars, the challenge that always exists in the process of producing rapeseed oilseeds in the country is the lack of acceptance by farmers to cultivate improved rapeseed cultivars. The present research has been conducted to analyze the challenges of using improved rapeseed cultivars by farmers in the farms of Qazvin Province. The research method is descriptive-analytical and data collection was done in the field with a questionnaire in three steps using the Delphi technique. The statistical population of this research is all the experts in the agricultural sector of Qazvin province. The studied sample included 25 of these experts who were identified purposefully using the snowball technique until theoretical saturation was reached. The results of the research show that the main challenges of using improved rapeseed cultivars include the lack of improved cultivars in the market to a sufficient extent, lack of timely access of farmers and experts to improved cultivars, the incompatibility of most of the released cultivars with the climatic conditions of the region, and lack of required quality of improved rapeseed cultivars