تحقیقات ترویج و توسعه روستایی

تحقیقات ترویج و توسعه روستایی

ارزیابی چالش‌های پیش‌‌روی کارآفرینی در کسبوکارهای کوچک مقیاس کشاورزی در مناطق روستایی، نمونۀ موردی: شهرستان خدابنده

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری رشته جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، ، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران
2 دانشیار جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، ، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران
3 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد رشته جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی گردشگری، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران
چکیده
امروزه به دلیل تحولات اجتماعی- اقتصادی رخ‌داده در اثر جهانی‌شدن اقتصاد، شهرگرایی گسترده و نظایر آن، کشاورزی از موقعیت مسلط خود در اقتصاد ملی در حال عقب‌نشینی است که این امر منجر به افزایش توجه به مباحث کارآفرینی در بخش­های کشاورزی و غیر کشاورزی شده است. هدف تحقیق حاضر بررسی چالش­های پیش­روی کارآفرینان روستایی در فعالیت­ های کوچک‌مقیاس کشاورزی در شهرستان خدابنده در استان زنجان است. جامعه آماری پژوهش مشتمل 325 نفر استفاده‌کننده از اعتبارات بانکی در زمینه کارآفرینی کشاورزی با معرفی جهاد کشاورزی در دوره زمانی سال­های 1390 تا 1400 در مناطق روستایی شهرستان خدابنده بود که با توجه به محدودیت­های زمانی و هزینه ­ای 257 مورد از آن‌ها با استفاده از فرمول کوکران به‌عنوان نمونه انتخاب گردید و پرسشنامه محقق ساخته به شیوۀ تصادفی ساده در بین کارآفرینان توزیع گردید. برای تجزیه‌وتحلیل کمی داده‌ها از آزمون‌های آماری t تک نمونه­ای و تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی استفاده‌شده است. نتایج آزمون t تک نمونه‌ای نشان داد که نیروهای محیطی کلان و عوامل اقتصادی با میانگین عددی (3.97) و (3.53) به­ عنوان مهم‌ترین چالش­ های مطرح در راه­اندازی و توسعه کارآفرینی کوچک‌مقیاس کشاورزی از دیدگاه کارآفرینان روستایی می­باشد. همچنین نتایج تحلیل عاملی چالش­ های پیش­روی کارآفرینان خرد کشاورزی با توجه به مقدار آماره KMO (0.836) و معناداری آزمون بارتلت در سطح اطمینان 99 نشان داد که متغیرهای تحقیق در قالب 6 عامل مقررات و تأمین مالی (21.20)؛ آموزش و زیرساخت (13.96)؛ هزینه­ های راه­اندازی و نوسانات بازار (11.38)؛ تشکل‌های تولیدی و اعتماد (9.66)؛ ویژگی­های شخصیتی (8.21) و همکاری درون‌گروهی (7.69) دسته‌بندی‌شده‌اند که روی‌هم‌رفته 72 درصد واریانس را تشکیل می­دهند. ازاین‌رو، پیشنهاد می­ شود که با تشکیل میز خدمت زمینه مناسبی برای کاستن از چالش ­های پیش­روی کارآفرینان از سوی نهادهای ذی­صلاح صورت گیرد. 
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Assessing the challenges facing entrepreneurship in small-scale agricultural businesses in rural areas, case study: Khodabandeh Township

نویسندگان English

Azam Bigdeli 1
Jamshid Einali 2
Maryam Mohammdlo 3
1 PhD Student in Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Humanities, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
2 Associate Professor of Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Humanities, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
3 Master's student in Geography and Tourism Planning, Faculty of Humanities, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
چکیده English

The aim of the present study is to investigate the challenges faced by rural entrepreneurs in small-scale agricultural activities in Khodabandeh County, Zanjan Province. The statistical population of the study consisted of 325 people using bank credits in the field of agricultural entrepreneurship with the introduction of the Agricultural Jihad in the period from 1390 to 1400 in rural areas of Khodabandeh . Due to time and cost constraints, 257 of them were selected as samples using the Cochran formula. One-sample t-tests and exploratory factor analysis were used for quantitative data analysis. The results of the one-sample t-test show that macro-environmental forces and economic factors with numerical means of (3.97) and (3.53) are the most important challenges in starting and developing small-scale agricultural entrepreneurship from the perspective of rural entrepreneurs. Also, the results of the factor analysis of the challenges faced by small-scale agricultural entrepreneurs, considering the value of the KMO statistic (0.836) and the significance of the Bartlett test at the 99 confidence level, show that the research variables are categorized into 6 factors: regulations and financing (21.20); education and infrastructure (13.96); start-up costs and market fluctuations (11.38); production organizations and trust (9.66); personality traits (8.21) and group cooperation (7.69), which together account for 72% of the variance.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Rural development
rural economy
small businesses
rural entrepreneurship
Zanjan province
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دوره 2، شماره 2
پاییز و زمستان 1403
اسفند 1403
صفحه 62-78

  • تاریخ دریافت 04 مرداد 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری 05 مهر 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش 05 اسفند 1403
  • تاریخ انتشار 30 اسفند 1403